چهارشنبه گذشته بهاتفاق عنایت کلایی سر از دانشکده اقتصاد مشهد درآوردم. مقالهای پیرامون نفت و آثار آن بر اشتغال در اقتصاد ایران ارائه میشد. البته نویسنده برای بیان مقصود خود از ادبیات بیماری هلندی بهره گرفته و حرفش این بود که با بروز بیماری هلندی سرمایهها از بخش قابلتجارت به بخش غیرقابلتجارت ضمن ایجاد رکود در آن بخش باعث میشود که متخصصین این بخشهای رکودزده نیز برای کسب درآمد به مشاغل غیرتخصصی خود روی بیاورند. نویسنده معتقد بود بیماری هلندی مزمن و نه خود بیماری هلندی باعث فرار سرمایه از کشور میشود. نقدی هم که توسط عنایت کلایی و دکتر بحرینی بر این بینش وارد شد این بود که بیماری هلندی خواه مزمن و غیرمزمن صرفا باعث فرار سرمایه از بخش قابلتجارت به بخش غیرقابلتجارت میشود و نه فرار سرمایه از کشور. مشکل دیگر مقاله این بود که نوآوری آن حداقل برای من مشخص نبود و هیچ شواهد آماری هم برای تائید مدعای خود ارائه نکرده بود. نویسنده فقط صحبت از بلا و کابوس و مصیبن نفت کرده بود. راستی من هم یک ایده افراطی دارم و آن این است که بیماری هلندی با اتمام نفت خوب می شود.
اما نویسنده در میان پاسخهای خود به تثبیت قیمتها در دوره ناصرالدین شاه اشاره کرد که در نوع خود جالب است: ظاهرا براثر گرانی نان و ماست که قوت غالب مردم در آن زمان بوده مختارالسلطنه دستور تثبیت قیمت ماست را میدهد. ظاهرا این امر باعث کاهش کیفیت ماست میشود و گرچه قیمت کاهش مییابد اما ماستبندها و ماستفروشها با به آب بستن ماست به همان کار خود ادامه میدادهاند. یک روز خود مختارالسلطنه راه میافتد و به در دکان ماستفروشی میرود و قصد خرید میکند. فروشنده میگوید: چهجور ماستی میخواهی؟ ماست دولتی یا ماست اصل؟ ماستهای جلوی در دکان ماست دولتی است که دوسوم هر کیلیوش آب است و به قیمت دولتی عرضه میشود و ماستهای پشت دخل ماست اصل است و گرانتر. ناگهان مختارالسلطنه ماموران را صدا میکند و دستور میدهد مرد را سروته کرده و جلو در مغازه آویزان کنند و کمربندش را تا میشود سفت کنند. بعد از دمپای شلوارش ماستهای دولتی را توی شلوارش بریزند تا آب ماستها برود و ماست خالص حاصل شود. خبر تنبیه مرد در تهران میپیچد و بقیه هم ماستها را کیسه میکنند.
در ادامه سفر به کتابفروشی امام در مشهد رفتیم. خاطرات امیرتیمور کلالی وزیر کابینه مصدق از مجموعه تاریخ شفاهی ایران منتشر شده بود، کتاب را خریدیم و عنایت شروع کرد به خواندن. تکیه کلامهای امیرتیمور طی این چند روز ما را سرگرم کرده بود، از جمله انترسان. ظاهرا انترسان همان فرانسوی اینترستینگ یا جالب فارسی است. برای مثال: این مجسمه خیلی انترسان است. قبل از حضور بهمن کارگزار چه تعابیری که از این کلمه نداشتیم. چند بیت شعر زیبا هم در این سفر شنیدم که لطافت خاص خود را دارند:
هزار آداب داره گوسفند چرونی/ هواپیما نِیَه تِرتِر بُرونی
ای دل جهان به کام تو شدشد، نشدنشد/ دلبر اگر که رام تو شدشد، نشدنشد
ترجمه کتاب رفاه نوشته نورمن بری و بازخوانی کتاب لردهای مالی احمد لیاقت تمام وقت و توانم را گرفته است.
نشر آگاه یک مجموعه پنججلدی با عنوان درآمدی بر فهم جامعه مدرن در ادامه پنججلد اول این دوره روانه بازار کرده است: ۱- دموکراسی در جوامع مدرن ۲- دولت در جوامع سرمایهداری پیشرفته ۳- فرهنگ سیاسی و جنبشهای اجتماعی ۴- شهروندی و دولت رفاه ۵- فوردیسم و صنعت مدرن. هم مترجمان افراد سرشناسی هستند و هم اصل کتاب از اهمیت کافی برخوردار است. داشتن این دو مجموعه در کتابخانه خالی از لطف نیست.
نشر شیرازه مدتی پیش کتابی با عنوان روشنفکران و دولت در ایران منتشر کرد که کتاب جالبتوجهی است. خواندن آن را توصیه میکنم. همین ناشر کتابی هم با عنوان جنگ چچن، بهای سنگین استقلال منتشر کرده که خواندنی است و کوتاه. عقرب روی پلیههای راهآهن اندیشمک نوشته حسین مرتضائیان آبکنار را هم خواندم. خواندنی است. بزرگان اقتصاد نوشته رابرت هایلبرونر هم تجدید چاپ شده که داشتن آن به علاقهمندان به اقتصاد توصیه میشود. سه فصل مربوط به تئوری بازیها از کتاب ام.دبیلو.جی یا همان خرد ماسکولل هم در دانشگاه امام صادق ترجمه و روانه بازار شده است.
بیماری هلندی و تثبیت قیمتها در دوره قاجار و بازار کتاب
۵۸ Responses to “بیماری هلندی و تثبیت قیمتها در دوره قاجار و بازار کتاب”
کتابهای من
سلام. مدتها است از انتشارات ایران خبری ندارم. ولی بعضی چیزها دود از کله ادم بلند می کند. مثلا اگر دانشجویی در سطحی باشد که کتاب خرد مس کالل را بفهمد چه فرقی می کند که کتاب را فارسی یا انگلیسی بخواند (احتمالا انگلیسی خواندنش لذب بیشتری دارد). به نظر شما تقاضا برای خواندن مس کالل فارسی چقدر گسترده است. سوال اینجا است که آیا کتابی درباره نظریه بازیها که در سطح مقدماتی باشد ترجمه یا تالیف شده است؟ پاسخ این سوال هم با محمد است.
اول سوال دوم: یک کتاب نظریه بازی ها در دانشکده اقتصاد دانشگاه تهران نوشته قهرمان عبدلی منتشر شده که در واقع برداشتی از کتاب های مقدماتی این حوزه است. یکی دو کتاب دیگر هم نوشته آقای سوری و دیگران وجود دارد که کتابهای مفیدی هستند.
اما من دقیقا منظور شما از مقدماتی را نمی دانم؟ اگر بتوانی سرفصلها را بگویی می توان پاسخ دقیق تری بدهم
اما سوال اول: ماس کولل فارسی: ببینید آقای کشاورز در دانشگاه تهارن ک۶ فصلی از کتاب را ترجمه کرده که من هم آنها را دارم و بعضی را هم خوانده ام. اما خواندن اینگیلیسی کتاب آسانتر است. و من ترجمه اینگونه کتابها را توصیه نمی کنم. اما نوشتن کتابی مفید در این حوزه خوب است که کار چندان ساده ای نیست.
بگذاریم و تلاش کنیم اینگیلیسی اینگونه کتابها خوانده شود.
به رضا:
اون سه فصلی که فرهادی گفته ۷ و ۸ و ۹ هستش که تقریبا تمامش مقدماتیه( شاید بجز بیزین نش اکویلیبریوم.ها؟
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