پس از دیدن این کتاب اولین پرسشی که در ذهنم شکل گرفت این بود که مگر کلاهبرداری هم میتواند معصومانه باشد؟ از قضا نویسنده هم بعد از مقدمه اولین جمله کتابش همین است بهعلاوه این جمله که: «معصومیت چگونه میتواند کلاهبردارانه باشد»؟ پاسخ به پرسش فوق از زوایه دیدن برخی اقتصاددانان از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است چراکه امروزه کلاهبرداری معصومانه و قانونی نقش مهم در زندگی فردی و جمعی همه انسانها ایفا میکند. گلبرایت معتقد است: «بخشی از این کلاهبرداری از اقتصاد سنتی و تعلیم آن و بخشی هم از دیدگاههای آیینی زندگی اقتصادی نشئت میگیرد».
درجایی دیگر مینویسد: «آنچه در زندگی واقعی متدوال است واقعیت نیست بلکه باب طبع روز و نفع مالی است». راستش من با این جمله و برای الان روح تهران با آن موافقم. فقط منفعت مالی کوتاهمدت برای افراد همهرنگ مهم است و بس. گلبرایت معتقد است امروز زمام امور اقتصادی دیگر در دست مالکان نیست، در دست سهامداران هم نیست، بلکه در درست مدیران است. «افسانه اقتصاد سرمایهگذار، در خدمت سهامداران بودن، جلسات تشریفاتی مدیران و جلسات سالانه سهامداران به قوت خود باقی است، اما هیچ نظارهگر شرکت مدرن که از لحاظ ذهنی کارامد باشد، نمیتواند از واقعیت بگریزد. قدرت شرکتی در دست مدیریت است». او ضعف حکمرانی شرکتی- شفافیت و پاسخگویی- مدرن را بهطور جدی در زمانه ورشستگی انرون و وردکام به چالش میکشد. البته حوادث بحران اخیر هم این گفته او را تائید میکند. در اینجا به این موضوع میپردازد که از آنجا که «کاپیتالیسم» گاهی تاریخ ناخوشایندی را تداعی میکند، این نام روبه زوال است. در واقع بهنظر او اصطلاح «نظام بازار» جایگزین «کاپیتالیسم» شده است و در این بخش از کتاب به تشریح چگونگی این دگردیسی میپردازد و هدف فراسوی این نامگذاری مجدد: «گریز از تاریخ منفی کاپیتالیسم». نویسنده این نامگذاری را با حاکمیت مصرفکننده پیوند میزند و دست به اختراع واژه «علم اقتصاد سازش» میزند. کتاب دیگر با عنوان فرهنگ رضایتطلبی از همین نویسنده منتشر شده که آنجا میتوانید معنای دقیق این واژه برساخته او را بهخوبی بخوانید. در باقی فصلها نویسنده به قدرت شرکتها و مدیریت آنها در اقتصاد مدرن پرداخته و البته گاهوبیگاه هم اقتصاد نوین آنگلوامریکایی را از دم تیغ نقدهای جدی میگذراند. آخرین جمله کتاب که در پاورقی و توسط مترجم به نقل از اقتصاددان لهستانی نقل شده این است: «کارگران آنچه را که بهدست میآورند خرج میکنند، سرمایهداران آنچه را که خرج میکنند بهدست میآورند.». خواندن این کتاب را به دو دلیل توصیه میکنم: یک اهمیت نویسنده در علم اقتصاد و آشنایی با بعضی از بینشهای او و دوم ترجمه خوب کاظم فرهادی.
علم اقتصاد کلاهبرداری معصومانه
۳۰ Responses to “علم اقتصاد کلاهبرداری معصومانه”
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سلام اقای فرهادی پور. منبعی در نت برای دانلود مجانی مقاله های اقتصاد خرد به زبان انگلیسی سراغ دارید؟
احسان جان: ناهار مجانی در اقتصاد وجود ندارد
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How about the new league offering guaranteed contracts?
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